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  • Nestlegate: Successful civil lawsuit against NESTLE and SECURITAS

    Press release issued by ATTAC Switzerland, 26 January 2013

    (English translation provided by ATTAC Switzerland – click here for German version)

    ATTAC Switzerland has taken notice with great satisfaction of the civil court’s president Jean-Luc Genillard’s decision of 25 January 2013 in the case «Nestlegate». The Court has convicted NESTLE and SECURITAS AG of spying activities directed at ATTAC. It has recognized that these parties conducted illegal infiltrations. The claimants have been entitled to a financial compensation, since their personal rights have been violated. NESTLE and SECURITAS AG have been ordered to pay a financial compensation of 3,000 Swiss francs (3,238 US dollars) per claimant (a total of 27,000 Swiss francs = 29,145 US dollars = 18,570 pounds sterling).

    Both a criminal and a civil case were filed after Swiss television revealed on 12 June 2008 that an Attac workgroup in Canton Vaud, which was preparing a book on Nestle’s policies («Attac contre l’empire Nestle», 2004), had been infiltrated and spied on by a Securitas employee on behalf of Nestle. The woman had joined the Attac workgroup in 2003 under the false name of “Sara Meylan”, had attended private meetings (sometimes at the members’ homes), gathered confidential information and prepared detailed reports on the authors as well as on third parties for Nestle. On September 26th, 2008, Attac discovered and denounced to the examining magistrate another Securitas spy, who was still active in Attac in 2008 under her real name.

    The criminal proceedings were dropped on July 29th, 2009. The investigating judge mainly relied on the statements made by Nestle and Securitas AG and found that the only infringement that may constitute an offense – a violation of the federal law of data protection – falls under the three-year statute of limitation. We regret the superficial investigation conducted during this criminal investigation, which Alec Feuz has well documented in his book « Affaire classée».

    We are very satisfied that the civil court has now condemned NESTLE’s and SECURITAS AG’s spying activities. Nevertheless we’d like to point out that we are continuing to critically observe the worldwide activities of multinational corporations like NESTLE, especially concerning its hostile trade union policies and the excessive pumping of groundwater in different parts of the world.

    Through a general increase of espionage and spying activities, basic democratic rights like the freedom of opinion, the freedom of speech and the freedom of assembly are called into question. The activities of NGOs, trade unions and critical political organizations are limited by private corporations, which perceive non-violent campaigns and action from civil society as a threat to their commercial interests. These transnational corporations thus try to reduce basic democratic rights and often profit from the fact that the State turns a blind eye to these infringements.

    It is important to be able to fight for a just and egalitarian society, to oppose injustice around the world by means of free and independent research into the dealings of transnational corporations, without being surveyed or spied on.

    Find this story at 26 January 2013

    Nestlégate; Nestlé in court for surveillance of ATTAC

    On 24 and 25 January 2012, the multinational food-industry corporation Nestlé and the Swiss private security firm Securitas were in court in Lausanne, Switzerland, defending themselves against a civil suit for spying on the “anti-globalization” movement ATTAC. This trial, which has been delayed for a long time, has finally lift the veil of secrecy that has been draped over this spying scandal.

    Nestlé and Securitas are accused of illegal surveillance and violations of privacy of ATTAC and its members. The charges were filed after Télévision Suisse Romande revealed on 12 June 2008 that a group of ATTAC members in Canton Vaud, who were working on a book on Nestlé’s policies, had been infiltrated and spied on by a Securitas employee on behalf of Nestlé. The woman joined the ATTAC group in 2003 under the false name “Sara Meylan”, attended working meetings (sometimes in the homes of members), and prepared detailed reports on them for Nestlé. As a member of the group, she had access to internal information, and to all the research by the authors, and to their sources and contacts, both in Switzerland and abroad.

    On 26 September 2008, the plaintiffs denounced to the examining magistrate another Securitas spy, who was still active in ATTAC in 2008 under her real name. Nestlé and Securitas had claimed initially that the spying had been ended with the departure of “Sara Meylan” in June 2004. When this second secret agent was discovered, the companies said that this agent had not written any more confidential reports for Securitas and Nestlé since 2005.

    The criminal proceedings were dropped on 29 July 2009 after a faulty investigation. The Canton examining magistrate at the time accepted the statements by Nestlé and Securitas and gave as one reason for dismissing the case the three-year statute of limitation of the Data Privacy Act – although the second Nestlé-Securitas agent had still been active in ATTAC in 2008!

    Find this story at 24 January 2013

    Major blow to G4S as police multimillion-pound deal to outsource services collapses

    Multimillion-pound plans by three police forces to outsource services to the firm at the centre of the Olympics security debacle have collapsed.

    Hertfordshire Police and Crime Commissioner David Lloyd said the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire Strategic Alliance had discontinued negotiations with G4S.

    The three forces were looking in to working with G4S in a bid to save £73 million by outsourcing support functions.

    The proposals involved switching 1,100 roles, including human resources, IT and finance to the security contractor.

    But doubts were raised after the company was forced to admit severe failings over the Olympics security contract last summer, which led to police officers and 3,500 extra troops being deployed to support the operation.

    In a statement, Mr Lloyd said: “I have always said that I would make my decision once the evidence was received and assessed.

    “It is now clear that the G4S framework contract through Lincolnshire Police was not suitable for the unique position of the three forces.”

    But he added that outsourcing to other companies would still be considered.

    Mr Lloyd said: “I am already in discussion with other market providers and will continue to talk with G4S about how they can assist policing support services in Hertfordshire. My clear position is that all elements of support work will be considered for outsourcing or other use of the market.

    “I made my decision based on evidence and on the recommendations from the Chief Constables. I still believe that substantial elements of policing support services will be best delivered by the private sector and will ensure that this option is immediately pursued.

    “We will now move forward looking at organisational support services, as before.”

    Police and Crime Commissioner for Bedfordshire, Olly Martins, said: “The concerns that I had about this proposal are on record but I am pleased that following the evaluation and subsequent discussions, the three Police and Crime Commissioners have ended up in agreement with a shared view that this contract does not deliver what we need.

    “However, we do still have to save money. Strengthening the ways in which we collaborate with Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire is a crucial element of our on-going investment in all our police services.

    “I now look forward to working with my fellow commissioners to develop new and innovative ways in which we can progress our collaborative approach.”

    The force’s Chief Constable Alf Hitchcock said: “As an Alliance we have been working together to explore a range of options for making savings at a time when all three forces are facing significant financial challenges.

    “Along with my Chief Constable colleagues in Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire and the three commissioners, we are continuing to explore other opportunities, whilst in Bedfordshire we are using the Option 10 and Lean processes to achieve savings in-house and protect front line policing.”

    Kim Challis, chief executive of G4S Government and outsourcing solutions, said: “We have put forward a compelling proposition to the police forces of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire which would have guaranteed them savings of over £100 million over the next ten years, allowing them to meet the financial challenge of the Comprehensive Spending Review without compromising on efficiency or public safety.

    “Our proposition was to operate back office services at the volume and scale required to deliver significant savings to forces, enabling them to concentrate their resources on frontline roles: it was never about replacing police officers. This has already proved to be the case in Lincolnshire, where we have a successful partnership which, in less than a year, has seen us deliver savings in running costs of around 16%.

    Jennifer Cockerell
    Wednesday, 30 January 2013

    Find this story at 30 January 2013

    © independent.co.uk

    Germany Discloses Most of the Spy Tools It’s Using—and Other Countries Should, Too

    Most law enforcement agencies refuse to reveal the surveillance technologies they use, claiming doing so could threaten national security. But authorities in Germany have shown it’s possible to be transparent without the sky falling in—by disclosing how they’ve spent millions on spy tools to help monitor Skype, email, and mobile phones.

    Earlier this year, German politician Jan Korte submitted a series of written questions to the country’s federal ministry of home affairs regarding surveillance tools. The request was prompted by a scandal about how police had paid a private company to develop a controversial spy trojan to infiltrate and monitor suspects’ computers—a tactic that in most circumstances violates the German constitution. The answers Korte received were published in German in July, but have only this month been translated into English. (Update, Nov. 14: Thanks to blogger Anne Roth for the translation.)

    What the answers revealed is the technology used by some of the country’s federal agencies and the companies contracted to provide it. Between 2005 and 2011, for instance, the Federal Office of Administration, which carries out work for all of Germany’s federal ministries, spent more than €1.9 million ($2.5 million) on telecom and internet surveillance gear provided by the companies TU München and Syborg, plus €158,000 ($204,000) on facial recognition software from the firm Cognitec.

    Some police and intelligence agencies declined to provide Korte with the requested information, claiming it was restricted or classified. But others did not show the same concern. Customs authorities, for one, released details about the sophisticated surveillance tools they purchased, including spending more than €100,000 ($130,000) on software to monitor Skype, Gmail, Hotmail, AIM, Yahoo Mail, and Bit Torrent. The customs authorities, tasked with tackling drug crime in Germany, also paid a company called Schönhofer €1.8 million ($2.3 million) for equipment such as “ICT vehicles” designed to help gather data from target areas using “signal interrogator” technology. They additionally splashed out €170,000 ($220,000) on a cellphone-tracking tactic described as “stealthping,” which involves sending a covert signal to a phone in order find out its nearest location tower to discover the whereabouts of a person.

    By Ryan Gallagher
    Posted Wednesday, Oct. 31, 2012, at 5:04 PM ET Slate.com

    Find this story at 31 October 2012

    The answers Korte received were published in German in July, but have only this month been translated into English.

    All contents © 2013 The Slate Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

    Jantje Beton wil geen geld meer van G4S

    Jantje Beton zet de sponsorovereenkomst met beveiligingsbedrijf G4S Cash Solutions Nederland stop. Dit omdat het hoofdkantoor van het bedrijf G4S in de media werd beschuldigd van betrokkenheid bij de beveiliging van Israëlische gevangenissen waar Palestijnse politieke gevangenen onterecht vast zouden zitten. Dat meldde Jantje Beton.

    De partijen besloten na goed overleg dat het „onwenselijk” was om te blijven samenwerken.

     

    ma 24 dec 2012, 16:09

    Find this story at 24 December 2012

    © 1996-2012 Telegraaf Media Nederland | Landelijke Media B.V., Amsterdam.

    Olympics shambles firm G4S set to win call centre contract after MPs’ calls to blacklist it are ignored

    MPs say decision is ‘unbelievable’ and they should be banned after London 2012 fiasco
    G4S failed to recruit enough staff and more than 10,000 troops had to be drafted in at the last minute
    Bosses say decision proves Government recognises they can ‘still win business’

    Bungling Olympic security firm G4S is set to be offered another gold-plated Government contract despite its failure to provide enough staff for London 2012.

    The company, which MPs want blacklisted from taxpayer-funded deals because the Army had to rescue it this summer, has now been shortlisted to help in several call centres.

    G4S has been picked by the Department for Work and Pensions above 16 other firms and now looks likely to help advise the public on benefits.

    Scandal: G4S’s mishandling of its Olympic security contract led to the military being called in, but it has now been shortlisted for another taxpayer-funded deal

    Its inability to cope with an Olympics security contract meant that 18,000 troops and 12,000 police were drafted in to form the ‘ring of steel’ around venues that G4S had promised, causing national outrage.

    G4S signed a £284million deal to provide 10,400 Games security guards, but just 16 days before the opening ceremony it admitted it had only fulfilled 83 per cent of contracted shifts.

    Laughing: G4S boss Nick Buckles managed to keep his £5.3m a year job despite the embarrassing problems this summer

    Politicians have today vented their fury at the news.

    Shadow sports minister Clive Efford said: ‘This is unbelievable after the way they let down the country.’

    Tory MP Patrick Mercer and former Army officer added: ‘I would be deeply concerned about further taxpayers’ money being spent on the firm that caused such chaos.’

    But despite their catastrophic failings this summer G4S, which offers a wide range of services, not just security, said they could do the job.

    Sean Williams, managing director of its employment support services arm, said the decision showed it could ‘still win business’.

    ‘We’ve done a massive amount of work for the Government over the past few years and we hope the Government recognises that,’ he added.

    G4S look set to run call centres linked to the Coalition’s roll out of its Universal credits system.

    The six main benefits will be rolled into one over the next five years and G4S staff could help answer calls from the public.

    A DWP spokesperson said: ‘Framework agreements with six suppliers will allow DWP to procure contact centre requirements over the next four years, if needed.

    ‘DWP’s own call centres remain the primary point of contact for claimants and there is no guaranteed work for any suppliers on the Framework.’

    Changes: British soldiers were denied holiday and brought back from warzones to fill in for G4S

    G4S SIGNS UP NEW DIRECTORS TO SURE UP BUSINESS

    G4S announced the appointment of three new directors today as the security group looks to move on following its Olympics Games contract fiasco.

    ITV chief executive Adam Crozier and Paul Spence, who has served on Capgemini’s management committee, will join the G4S board next month, while Tim Weller, chief financial officer of Petrofac, will start in April.

    The non-executive appointments replace Bo Lerenius and Paul Condon, who will retire from the company’s board in June following nine years service.

    Shares in the FTSE 100 Index group were 3 per cent higher today.

    The head of the bungling security firm kept his job despite an independent review finding the company guilty of ‘mishandling’ its Olympic contract.

    By Martin Robinson

    PUBLISHED: 13:31 GMT, 18 December 2012 | UPDATED: 17:49 GMT, 18 December 2012

    Find this story at 18 December 2012

    © Associated Newspapers Ltd

    University of Oslo to end G4S contract over support for Israeli apartheid

    Student campaigners created stickers imitating G4S’ logo to raise awareness on campus. (Photo courtesey of Palestine Committee at the University of Oslo)

    In a major success for the campaign against Israeli prison contractor G4S, the University of Oslo has announced that it will terminate its contract with the company in July 2013.

    G4S is a private security company that has a contract to provide equipment and services to Israeli prisons at which Palestinian political prisoners, including child prisoners, are detained and mistreated. G4S also provides equipment and services to checkpoints, illegal settlements and businesses in settlements. The Israeli governmentrecently confirmed that G4S also provides equipment to Israel’s illegal apartheid wall.

    Student activists with the Palestine Committee at the University of Oslo began campaigning in August for the university to not renew its contract with G4S, which has been providing security services on campus since 2010. Campaigners plastered the campus with “Boycott G4S” stickers that imitated real G4S stickers and the student parliament voted to support the campaign. Students have also held demonstrations and other actions on campus.

    The university had the option to extend the contract for another year beyond its original expiry date of March 2013 but has now negotiated a termination date of 1 July 2013. The University of Oslo does not want to “support companies that operate in an ethical grey area” and new ethical procurement guidelines will be developed to prevent any future contracts with companies involved in human rights abuses, university director Ole Petter Ottersen has said.

    In November, a petition signed by 21 organizations including trade unions, political parties and nongovernmental organizations such as Amnesty International was sent to G4S Norway. The signatories stated: ”G4S must immediately withdraw from all activities on occupied Palestinian land and halt all deliveries to Israeli prisons in which Palestinian prisoners are imprisoned in violation of the Geneva conventions.”

    There are campaigns against G4S in several other European countries including Denmark, Sweden, the UK and Belgium and several public bodies, nongovernmental organizations and private companies have already been succesfully persuaded to cut their ties to the company.
    Continued deception

    While attempting to defend its support for Israeli violations of international law to Norwegian media outlets, G4S repeated earlier claims that it intends to pull out of several contracts to provide equipment to Israeli settlements and checkpoints by 2015, creating the false impression that it is ending all support for Israeli violations of international law.

    Yet if G4S is serious about ending its complicity, why doesn’t it end all involvement in settlements immediately? The comapny has so far not announced any plans to end its provision of security services to private businesses in illegal Israeli settlements.

    Most importantly, G4S continues to omit any mention of its role in prisons inside Israelin its public communications in response to campaigns, making clear its intent to continue its role in the Israeli prison system, underlining the need for continued campaigning.

    Posted on December 11, 2012 by Michael Deas at Electronic Intifada

    Find this story at 11 December 2012

    G4S tagging contract now at risk

    G4S will face its “next big test” of government support as early as next month after it was stripped of a key prison contract in the wake of the company’s Olympics security shambles.
    FTSE 100 security group is waiting to hear whether it will be reappointed on a contract to provide electronic tagging of offenders. MPs stopped short of calling for the resignation of chief executive Nick Buckles after the Olympics fiasco.

    The FTSE 100 security group is waiting to hear whether it will be reappointed on a contract to provide electronic tagging of offenders services across England and Wales, worth £50m of annual revenue to the company.

    G4S and Serco gained an extension to an existing contract in 2009, which is due to expire in March 2013. It is understood that the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) is considering bids for the next phase of the contract with an announcement expected next month.

    Under the existing contract G4S and Serco manage the entire process including the technology, tagging, and monitoring of offenders, in two regions each. Under the next phase, the contract will not be split into regions but “services”, with one company providing technology across England and Wales and the other providing tagging for example. In September G4S won a contract to provide tagging services in Scotland.

    G4S declined to comment on the contract in England and Wales, but David Brockton, analyst at Espirito Santo, said it would be “the next big test”.

    The MoJ said on Thursday it would strip G4S of its contract to manage HMP Wolds in East Yorkshire when its contract expires in July 2013, with management reverting to the public sector.
    Related Articles
    Olympics security firm G4S loses contract to run Wolds prison 08 Nov 2012
    G4S rebounds after Olympics fiasco 06 Nov 2012
    Olympics fiasco: G4S to be frozen out in future 22 Jul 2012
    Political risks are getting too hot for private companies 08 Nov 2012.

    By Angela Monaghan

    7:30AM GMT 11 Nov 2012

    Find this story at 11 November 2012

    © Copyright of Telegraph Media Group Limited 2012

    Homes, G4S style: Rubbish, rising damp… and ‘roaches’

    Another shambles as security giant leaves asylum seeker living in squalor

    An asylum seeker with a five-month-old baby claims she was placed in a property by the private contractor G4S that was infested with cockroaches and slugs. The woman, who was trafficked to the UK and sold into prostitution before seeking asylum, claims she and her baby were left in the house for weeks before the local council intervened to ensure they were rehoused.

    Leeds City Council contacted G4S, and their property sub-contractors Cascade, earlier this week after their inspectors found the property was a “Category 1 Hazard” and unfit for human habitation in its current condition. G4S holds contracts to supply accommodation to asylum contracts across much of England as part of the UK Border Agency’s COMPASS project.

    The woman, known as Angela, says she was “dumped” at the property after she refused to accept an alternative place offered to her on the basis that the filth, mould and damp there would pose a health risk to her child.

    She made repeated complaints to both G4S and Cascade and was told by the firms that they had carried out their own inspections and were satisfied the accommodations was “decent”.

    “One of the people said to me when I rang ‘slugs are not harmful, even if your baby eats one of them’” she told The Independent.

    Angela, who was forced into prostitution after being trafficked to the UK in 2000, was initially housed in a “nice” one-bed flat by UKBA after seeking refuge from her handlers.

    But when her son was born she was moved to an area contracted to G4S and sub-contracted to property firm Cascade. “When I came here I said ‘this house doesn’t look safe for me and my child to live in’, there were cockroaches and slugs,” Angela recalls. “They took me to another property and that was absolutely disgusting, worse than this one. The kitchen smells of wee, the whole place, words cannot describe I was crying, I was screaming”.

    Charlotte Philby
    Friday, 14 December 2012

    Find This story at 14 December 2012

    © independent.co.uk

    Renault prepared for staff suicides over spying scandal

    More than a year after French carmaker Renault found itself embroiled in an industrial espionage scandal, new documents show that the company had prepared statements in the event that the three employees blamed in the case committed suicide.

    More than one year ago, French carmaker Renault found itself embroiled in a high-profile industrial espionage scandal. Three executives were fired, but the case turned out to be bogus, and in a desperate attempt to put the whole sordid affair behind them, the company issued a public apology to its former employees.

    It appears, however, that the story is far from over. New documents have emerged showing that Renault had prepared statements in the event that the scandal drove the three employees concerned to kill themselves.

    Executives Michel Balthazard, Bertrand Rochette and Mathieu Tenenbaum were dismissed from Renault in January of last year on suspicions that they had leaked information on the company’s electric cars to rivals. Although wrongly accused, the three found themselves at the heart of a very public scandal, with little recourse to defend themselves.Renault espionage scandal

    AUTO INDUSTRY
    Renault loses No. 2 man over industrial spying scandal

    AUTO INDUSTRY
    Renault apologises over spying claim

    France
    Renault braces for backlash in industrial spying case

    Apparently aware of the possible consequences, Renault’s communications director took action. Two statements were prepared in the event of the “inevitable” – one for a botched suicide attempt, the other for a successful one.

    Strain on executives

    The documents, which French radio station France Info published on their website Friday, showed that Renault was not only fully aware that the strain of the situation might drive its employees to suicide, but also its apparent acceptance of what it saw as a certainty.

    Written in dry, clinical terms, the two statements varied little in their content. The first, which was to be issued in the event of “option 1”, in other words a failed suicide attempt, read: “One of the three executives laid off on January 3, 2011, attempted to end his life on (date).”

    The second, or “option 2”, was only slightly modified: “One of the three executives laid off on January 3, 2011, ended his life on (date).”

    The statement then went on to convey the company’s regret over the tragic incident.

    Latest update: 13/10/2012
    By Luke BROWN (video)
    FRANCE 24 (text)

    Find this Story at 13 October 2012

    © 2006 – 2012 Copyright FRANCE 24. All rights reserved – FRANCE 24 is not responsible for the content of external websites.

    Deutschland Spionage: Die Verschwörung gegen Brandt

    Nachdem 1969 erstmals ein SPD-Politiker Bundeskanzler wurde, bauten CDU- und CSU-Anhänger einen eigenen Nachrichtendienst auf. Ein unglaublicher Spionagefall

    Dies ist die erstaunliche Geschichte einer Verschwörung. Sie begann im Herbst 1969 und endete Mitte der achtziger Jahre, sie spielt nicht irgendwo, sondern im Herzen der politischen Landschaft der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, tief verankert in den konservativen Parteien CDU und CSU. Es geht dabei um nicht weniger als um die Gründung eines eigenen Nachrichtendienstes, abseits der Öffentlichkeit und jeder parlamentarischen Kontrolle. Verschiedene Geheimdienstfiguren spielen eine Rolle und ein internationales Netz schillernder Agenten, alles in enger Abstimmung mit christsozialen Hardlinern. Franz Josef Strauß hat den Dienst unterstützt, Helmut Kohl hat von ihm gewusst. Finanziert wurden die schwarzen Spione im Verborgenen, aus unübersichtlichen Kanälen. Nach den Unterlagen, die dem ZEITmagazin vorliegen, kostete dieser Nachrichtendienst mehrere Millionen Mark.

    Im Jahr 2012 wird anlässlich der dramatischen Ermittlungspannen im Zusammenhang mit dem Zwickauer Mördertrio heftig über den Sinn der Geheimdienste diskutiert und auch über die Frage, wie schnell ein unkontrollierter Dienst zum Problem an sich werden kann. Die Geschichte, die hier erzählt wird, macht deutlich, wie Spitzenpolitiker an allen staatlichen Organen vorbei solch einen unkontrollierbaren Dienst schufen, nur um ihr eigenes trübes politisches Süppchen zu kochen.

    Alles fängt damit an, dass im Herbst 1969 die Konservativen erstmals seit Bestehen der Bundesrepublik die Regierungsmacht verlieren. CDU und CSU gewinnen zwar die meisten Stimmen bei der Bundestagswahl, die FDP entscheidet sich jedoch für ein Bündnis mit den Sozialdemokraten. Nun kann Willy Brandt sein außenpolitisches Konzept »Wandel durch Annäherung« in die Tat umsetzen. Er schickt seinen Staatssekretär Egon Bahr im Januar 1970 als Unterhändler nach Moskau. Dort soll er mit dem sowjetischen Außenminister Andrej Gromyko sondieren, ob die Regierung im Kreml bereit ist, sich per Vertrag zu einem Gewaltverzicht zu verpflichten. Dafür wird die Bundesregierung dem Verhandlungspartner entgegenkommen müssen. Mitglieder der Vertriebenenverbände warnen, ihre Heimat im Osten dürfe nicht im Gegenzug preisgegeben werden. Brandt weiß, dass sich die Sowjetunion nur auf einen Vertrag einlassen wird, wenn er als deutscher Kanzler die Grenzen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg offiziell akzeptiert. Ebenso heikel: Brandt kann und will die DDR nicht völkerrechtlich anerkennen, die Regierung in Ost-Berlin will allein unter dieser Voraussetzung verhandeln.
    DIE AUTORIN

    Die Politikwissenschaftlerin Stefanie Waske las für ihre Dissertation Briefe von CDU-Abgeordneten, in einigen war von einem »kleinen Dienst« die Rede. Sieben Jahre dauerte die Recherche, deren Ergebnisse sie hier erstmals veröffentlicht. Sie studierte Tausende von Dokumenten, einige wurden erst nach jahrelangen Prüfungen freigegeben. Anfang 2013 erscheint ihr Buch »Nach Lektüre vernichten! Der geheime Nachrichtendienst von CDU und CSU im Kalten Krieg« bei Hanser

    Brandt wird sich nicht nur außenpolitisch geschickt verhalten müssen. Seine Koalition verfügt im Bundestag lediglich über eine Mehrheit von wenigen Stimmen. Geht der Kanzler zu weit, riskiert er das Ende seiner Regierung. Auch in der SPD- und in der FDP-Fraktion gibt es Abgeordnete, die sich in den Vertriebenenverbänden engagieren oder aus anderen Gründen skeptisch sind. Bereits im Oktober 1970 wechseln drei FDP-Parlamentarier zur CDU/CSU-Fraktion. Sie werden nicht die letzten bleiben. Ebenso könnte ein falscher Verhandlungsschritt die internationalen Partner der Bundesregierung – allen voran die USA – verärgern.

    Bahr ist sich damals bewusst, dass ihn die Nachrichtendienste beobachten – ohne jedoch an einen eigenen Dienst der Opposition im Bundestag zu denken, wie er heute sagt. Henry Kissinger, dem damaligen Sicherheitsberater des US-Präsidenten, habe er als Erstem das Gesamtkonzept bei einem Besuch in völliger Offenheit dargelegt. »Natürlich war er misstrauisch. Wenn Kissinger Nein gesagt hätte, dann hätten wir es nicht gemacht. Es wäre sonst ein Abenteuer geworden.«

    Was Bahr nicht wusste: Henry Kissinger empfängt in seinem Büro in Washington im März 1970 einen guten Bekannten. Der Besucher will sich über die neue Ostpolitik Willy Brandts unterhalten. Das verwundert Kissinger sicher nicht, kaum ein Thema ist in diesen Tagen wichtiger. Der deutsche Kanzler will die Regierung in Moskau zu einem Entspannungskurs bewegen. Kissinger ahnt nicht, dass sein Gast nur eines im Sinn hat: ihm vertrauliche Informationen zu entlocken, um sie Brandts Gegnern in der Bundesrepublik zu schicken. Auf seine Botschaft wartet bereits ein ehemaliger hochrangiger Mitarbeiter des Bundesnachrichtendienstes (BND). Dieser baut für die CDU und CSU einen Nachrichtendienst auf. Wer dieser Zuträger war, kann heute nicht zweifelsfrei geklärt werden. Henry Kissinger lässt sämtliche Fragen des ZEITmagazins zu diesem Komplex unbeantwortet.

    Es ist die tiefe Furcht vor der neuen Politik Willy Brandts, die deutsche Konservative zum Handeln treibt. Einer von ihnen ist der CSU-Bundestagsabgeordnete Karl Theodor Freiherr zu Guttenberg, der Großvater des gleichnamigen ehemaligen Bundesverteidigungsministers im Kabinett Angela Merkels. Der damals 48-Jährige mit hoher Stirn, nach hinten gekämmten glatten Haaren und Walross-Schnauzer gilt als brillanter Redner und intellektueller Kopf der Konservativen. Die Meinungen über ihn sind gespalten. Manche bewundern und verehren ihn als Gentleman, andere sehen in ihm einen reaktionären Adeligen. Seit einiger Zeit weiß der Hoffnungsträger der CSU, dass er an der tödlichen Muskelkrankheit ALS leidet. Als außenpolitischer Experte seiner Partei kennt er die Pläne der sozialliberalen Regierung genau. Bald wird er Brandt im Bundestag vorwerfen: »Sie, Herr Bundeskanzler, sind dabei, das Deutschlandkonzept des Westens aufzugeben und in jenes der Sowjetunion einzutreten.« Für ihn steht die Freiheit auf dem Spiel.

    Guttenberg trifft sich im Herbst 1969 mit dem ehemaligen Kanzler Kurt Georg Kiesinger, dem früheren Kanzleramtschef Konrad Adenauers, Hans Globke, und dem CSU-Vorsitzenden Franz Josef Strauß. Später wird in einer Aufzeichnung festgehalten: »Auf Grund der Lage nach den Wahlen zum Bundestag beschlossen Dr. H. Globke in Verbindung mit Dr. K. G. Kiesinger und Frhr. von und zu Guttenberg in Verbindung mit Dr. F. J. Strauß die Gründung eines Informationsdienstes für die Opposition.« Sie alle haben die Sorge, dass sie durch den Regierungswechsel von den Infokanälen der Geheimdienste abgeschnitten werden. Und sie wissen, dass ihre Parteien in Diplomatenkreisen noch Rückhalt haben. Deren Beobachtungen der neuen Ostpolitik könnten über abgeschirmte Kanäle zur Opposition transportiert werden, so der kühne Plan. Vier Wochen später wird die Idee noch abenteuerlicher. Guttenberg bekommt einen Brief von einem Meister der Konspiration: Wolfgang Langkau, pensionierter Vertrauter des ehemaligen BND-Präsidenten Reinhard Gehlen und langjähriger CDU-Kontaktmann. Er schreibt: »Zu diesem Ziele bietet sich die Möglichkeit an, ein seit Jahren durch eine besondere Stelle im BND geführtes Informationsbeschaffungsnetz einzusetzen, das laufende Verbindungen insbesondere zu USA, Frankreich, Österreich, Italien, Vatikan, arabische Länder, Jugoslawien, Rumänien, ČSSR, UNO unterhält.« Er ist überzeugt, dass seine ehemaligen Zubringer mit an Bord wären, würden sich die Konservativen zu einem eigenen Dienst durchringen können. Zumal in einer Situation, in der sie gemeinsam einen »Beitrag für unser europäisches Überleben« leisten könnten, notiert Langkau.

    Von Langkau sind nur wenige Bilder bekannt. Sie zeigen einen kleinen, hageren Mann mit schütterem grauem Haar, ausgeprägten Geheimratsecken und riesigem dunklem Brillengestell. Seine Bekannten beschreiben ihn als beherrscht und analytisch denkend. Der BND-Präsident Gehlen schenkte dem zurückhaltenden Mann wie kaum jemandem in seinem Dienst Vertrauen. Daher gab er ihm Sonderaufträge, beispielsweise den Kontakt zum israelischen Geheimdienst Mossad aufzubauen. Langkau leitete bis 1968 den Strategischen Dienst des BND. Die Abteilung sollte die sowjetische Westpolitik und die amerikanische Sicherheitspolitik beobachten.

    Das Wichtigste für ein Nachrichtennetz sind Informanten – auch hier kann Langkau viel vorweisen. Er besaß den Spitznamen Doktor der Operationen und liebte es, mit Agenten zu arbeiten. Andere Geheimdienstler bevorzugen Technik, wie Radaranlagen oder Telefonüberwachung. Langkau kümmerte sich um einige seiner Zubringer sogar persönlich. Im Geheimdienstjargon heißen sie Sonderverbindungen, es sind hochrangige Politiker, Wirtschaftslenker und Militärs. Sie verfügen über besonders gute Zugänge zu höchsten Kreisen der Gesellschaft und Politik. Erst mit der Zeit wird der Kontakt enger, das heißt, der Geheimdienst führt sie, erteilt ihnen Aufträge. An diese Sonderverbindungen denkt Langkau, als er der Opposition sein Angebot unterbreitet.

    Per Brief offeriert er, diese ehemaligen BND-Verbindungen für CDU und CSU erneut in Aktion zu versetzen. Sie wollten zudem nicht für die SPD/FDP-Regierung arbeiten. Er schlägt vor, eine Kernbasis eines »echten geheimen Nachrichtendienstes im Sinne eines – zunächst winzigen – National-Security-Stabes für eine künftige CDU/CSU-Regierung« zu schaffen. Ein anspruchsvoller Plan, soll der kleine Dienst doch die gesamte Spannbreite außenpolitischer Nachrichten sammeln und auswerten.

    Billig ist sein Vorschlag nicht: Die Planung sieht eine Mindestfinanzierung von 750000 Mark pro Jahr vor, dazu als Option eine weitere Million Mark. Der Kreis um Guttenberg war den Dokumenten zufolge, die dem ZEITmagazin vorliegen, vom Plan des ehemaligen Spitzenbeamten des BND trotz der hohen Kosten und Risiken überzeugt.

    Die erste drängende Frage: Woher sollen CDU und CSU das Personal nehmen? Ohne Hauptamtliche kann es aus Sicht der Politiker keinen Informationsdienst geben. Sie beschließen, ihnen nahestehende BND-Mitarbeiter abzuwerben. Als Ersten nehmen sie Hans Langemann in den Blick, damals für den BND in Rom. Er leitet die dortige Residentur, das sind die »Botschaften« des Dienstes im Ausland. Doch die CDU- und CSU-Bundespolitiker kommen zu spät: Der bayerische Kultusminister Ludwig Huber bemüht sich bereits um Langemann und will ihn als auslandsnachrichtendienstlichen Berater der Olympischen Spiele 1972 gewinnen.

    Die andere Option: Hans Christoph von Stauffenberg, ein weiterer ehemaliger Mitarbeiter Langkaus. Er arbeitet in einer verdeckten Münchner BND-Außenstelle. Von seinem kleinen Büro geben die Mitarbeiter Hinweise an die Zentrale in Pullach, welche Informationen die Agenten beschaffen sollen. Im Jargon des Dienstes heißt das Steuerungshinweis – die Hauptaufgabe des damals 58-Jährigen. Er wertet Meldungen und Nachrichten aus, führt somit keine Agenten. Auf Fotos wirkt der Baron eher wie ein Künstler, Schauspieler oder Intellektueller: schmal, mittelgroß, stets korrekt und geschmackvoll gekleidet mit Jackett und Krawatte.

    Stauffenberg – bei diesem Namen denkt wohl jeder zuerst an Claus von Stauffenberg, den Offizier der deutschen Wehrmacht, der am 20. Juli 1944 Hitler töten wollte. Anders als der spätere Attentäter machte Hans Christoph von Stauffenberg keine militärische Karriere, eine Krankheit verhinderte den Fronteinsatz. Stattdessen befragte er Kriegsgefangene in einem Lager bei Oberursel. Als Student war er 1933 in die NSDAP eingetreten, hielt sich jedoch bald von der Partei fern. Am Tag des Attentats auf Hitler saß Stauffenberg mit seiner Frau Camilla in der Oper in Bad Homburg und sah sich die Hochzeit des Figaro an. Die Gestapo nahm das Ehepaar, wie fast alle Stauffenbergs, wenige Tage danach in Sippenhaft.

    In Hans Christoph von Stauffenberg finden die Eingeweihten aus CDU und CSU einen Leiter für ihren Dienst. Es taucht nur das Problem auf, dass der nach 12 Jahren im BND nicht seine Ansprüche aus dem öffentlichen Dienst verlieren soll. Außerdem sieht der Plan vor, noch eine Übersetzerin und seine Sekretärin zu übernehmen. Es entsteht die Idee, sie gemeinsam in der bayerischen Staatskanzlei unterzubringen.

    Damit das gelingt, muss Guttenberg für seinen Freund und Verwandten Stauffenberg bei seinen Kollegen im bayerischen Kabinett werben. Inzwischen bemüht sich Stauffenberg um die Unterstützung seines langjährigen Freundes Casimir Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein. 1969 ist dieser noch nicht Schatzmeister der hessischen CDU, was ihn Jahrzehnte später zu einer der Schlüsselfiguren der CDU-Parteispendenaffäre werden ließ. Sayn-Wittgenstein war es, der rund 20 Millionen Mark auf ein CDU-Konto in der Schweiz gebracht hatte und deren Herkunft als »jüdische Vermächtnisse« zu deklarieren versuchte. Er wurde wegen Untreue angeklagt, das Verfahren wurde allerdings wegen seines schlechten Gesundheitszustandes 2005 eingestellt.

    Die Freunde Sayn-Wittgenstein und Stauffenberg verbindet ein dramatisches Ereignis zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Sayn-Wittgensteins Mutter hatte in zweiter Ehe den jüdischen Unternehmer Richard Merton geheiratet. Dem Paar war in letzter Minute die Ausreise ins britische Exil geglückt, Casimir und sein Bruder August Richard zu Sayn-Wittgenstein blieben und versuchten 1939, mit der Gestapo über das beschlagnahmte Familienvermögen zu verhandeln. Das kostete August Richard das Leben. Casimir fand ihn sterbend in einem Berliner Hotel. Stauffenberg kam noch mit einem Arzt dorthin, doch es war zu spät. Offizielle Todesursache: Selbstmord.

    1969 zieht es Sayn-Wittgenstein in die Politik, auch bei ihm dient als Begründung die Ablehnung der neuen Ostpolitik. Er hat sich bisher auf seine Karriere im Familienunternehmen, der Frankfurter Metallgesellschaft AG, konzentriert. Seine Wirtschaftskontakte, so Stauffenbergs Hoffnung, könnten dem Dienst sehr helfen. Bald wird sich Sayn-Wittgenstein als Spendensammler bewähren müssen. Eine Aufzeichnung Guttenbergs, wahrscheinlich aus dem Jahr 1970, offenbart, dass fast die Hälfte der Kosten für den Nachrichtendienst durch Spenden hereinkommen soll: Darin heißt es, die Wirtschaft Nordrhein-Westfalens habe 100000 Mark zugesagt. Die CDU wolle prüfen, ob sie ebenfalls 100000 Mark zahlen könne. 50000 Mark stelle die CSU in Aussicht. Von der süddeutschen Industrie erhoffe man sich 100000 Mark.

    Stauffenbergs pensionierter Chef Langkau beginnt bereits im Frühjahr 1970 mit einer kleinen privaten Gruppe in München. Er nimmt Kontakt zu seinen ehemaligen Quellen auf, bittet sie um ihre Mitarbeit. Eine von ihnen führt das oben erwähnte Gespräch mit Kissinger im März 1970 in Washington. Langkau erreicht danach die Meldung, der Sicherheitsberater des amerikanischen Präsidenten habe erwähnt, Bahr lasse dem Weißen Haus auf Umwegen Berichte über seine Gespräche in Moskau zukommen. Kissinger vermute jedoch, so der Informant, dass der Unterhändler der Bonner Regierung nicht alles sage, was sich zwischen ihm und den Sowjets abspiele.

    Kissinger und Bahr hatten im Oktober 1969 verabredet, einen back channel einzurichten, einen direkten Kontakt an der Bürokratie vorbei – der sollte jedoch absolut geheim bleiben und Vertrauen herstellen. Auf US-Seite sollte nur noch Kissingers Mitarbeiter Helmut Sonnenfeldt etwas wissen, auf deutscher Willy Brandt und Kanzleramtschef Horst Ehmke. Wer die Kissinger-Meldung des Informanten noch erhielt, ist nicht überliefert. Sie trägt die Nummer 58, kommt am 10. März 1970 aus Washington und umfasst drei knappe, mit Schreibmaschine verfasste Absätze. Bahr, nach dem Dokument befragt, bemerkt: »Es erinnert an eine typische BND-Meldung aus Presseberichten und Vermutungen.«

    Der Stoff hat das Zeug zum Spionageroman. Und die Konstruktion dieses Nachrichtendienstes an jeder parlamentarischen Kontrolle vorbei trägt einen politischen Skandal in sich. Was wissen CDU und CSU heute darüber? Wie beurteilen sie die Schaffung dieses Dienstes? Wie wurden die Gelder verbucht? Was für eine Rolle spielte Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, immerhin der Mann, der mitverantwortlich war für einen der größten Politikskandale der Bundesrepublik? All das haben wir die Unionsparteien gefragt. Für die Antworten ließen sich beide Parteizentralen eine Woche Zeit. Dann hieß es, der Sachverhalt sei unbekannt. Kein Kommentar.

    Im Sommer 1970 übernimmt Hans Christoph von Stauffenberg die Führung der nachrichtendienstlichen Gruppe. Er hat die Zusage, mit seiner Sekretärin in die bayerische Staatskanzlei zu wechseln. In seinem Kündigungsschreiben an den BND führt Stauffenberg aus, er wolle sich nicht »zum Handlanger einer Politik machen«, die er »für das Volk für abträglich, zumindest für sehr gefährlich« halte. Seinen neuen Arbeitsplatz nennt Stauffenberg »Zuflucht«. Mit dem 1. August 1970 muss sich der ehemalige Geheimdienstler offiziell in einen Redenschreiber für Grußworte verwandeln, alles nur, damit er seine Mission des Informationsdienstes in die Tat umsetzen kann. Seinen neuen Kollegen erzählt Stauffenberg die Legende, er komme von der Bundesvermögensverwaltung. Das Synonym für Bundesnachrichtendienst kennt längst jeder. So geht bei seiner Ankunft, wie er selbst schreibt, »ein Raunen durchs Haus«. Doch Stauffenberg verschwindet schnell aus ihrem Blickfeld. Sein Dienstherr hat ihn in einem abgelegenen Nebenhaus untergebracht. Arbeit ist Mangelware. Und wenn einmal etwas anfällt, bleiben für den Neuling die Randthemen übrig, wie die Rede zum 150. Geburtstag von Pfarrer Sebastian Kneipp oder ein Grußtelegramm für das Raumausstatter-Handwerk.

    Die eigentliche Arbeit beginnt nach Dienstschluss. Mit seinem ehemaligen Chef und neuen Partner Langkau stattet er eine seiner Münchner Wohnungen zu einem »bescheidenen Büro« für den Dienst um. Die Möbel stammen aus der CSU-Landesleitung. Die Lage ist – anders als die Ausstattung – exklusiv, die Ottostraße verläuft parallel zum Maximiliansplatz. Guttenberg gratuliert Stauffenberg aus der Kur in Bad Neustadt: »Ich freue mich, daß im Übrigen nun doch endlich gelungen scheint, was wir monatelang betrieben haben, und daß Du nun anscheinend vernünftig arbeiten kannst.«

    Langkau und Stauffenberg beginnen sofort mit der Arbeit. Egon Bahr hat in Moskau bereits mit dem Außenminister Andrej Gromyko eine gemeinsame Linie gefunden. Am 12. August 1970 werden Brandt und Außenminister Walter Scheel sowie Gromyko und der sowjetische Ministerpräsident Alexej Kossygin feierlich den Moskauer Vertrag unterzeichnen.

    Die Meldungen der Informanten gehen aus Brüssel, Paris und Washington ein, fast nie aus dem Inland. Mithilfe dieser Texte verfassen die ehemaligen BND-Mitarbeiter Berichte, nicht nur zur neuen Ostpolitik, sondern auch über die innenpolitische Entwicklung Chinas oder Spannungen im Zentralkomitee der Kommunistischen Partei der Sowjetunion. Klassische Agentenberichte sind es nicht, hier wird niemand beschattet, telefonisch abgehört oder verdeckt fotografiert. Wobei einige Informanten ihre vertraulich-privaten Unterredungen mit ihren Gesprächspartnern offensichtlich mitschneiden. Im Laufe der Jahre wird Stauffenberg laut den Berichten über einige gut platzierte Quellen verfügen. Selbst mit dem Staatspräsidenten Rumäniens, Nicolae Ceauşescu, und dem Jugoslawiens, Josip Broz Tito, kommen die Vertrauensmänner ins Gespräch. Bei Ceauşescu ist es die Quelle »Petrus«, bei Tito ist es »ein progressiver Politiker eines blockfreien Landes«.

    Welche Identitäten hinter den Zuträgern stecken, lässt sich nur teilweise belegen. In den heute vorliegenden Listen und Berichten tauchen sie mit ihren Decknamen auf. Langkau und Stauffenberg waren geschulte Geheimdienst-Mitarbeiter. Sie hätten niemals die wahren Namen ihrer Vertrauensmänner aufgelistet und die Zahlungsbelege angeheftet. Bekannt sind die Einsatzgebiete der Informanten: »Dut« kümmert sich um die USA, Frankreich und Italien, »Grete« um Straßburg und »Petrus« um Osteuropa und den Nahen Osten. Die drei Informanten »Chris«, »Norbert« und »Hervier« berichten aus den USA. Österreich nimmt sich »Hiking« vor. In Fernost arbeitet »Xaver«. »Urbino« und »Kolb« decken die Kirchen ab. Im Laufe der Jahre kommen neue Zuträger hinzu. Sie berichten aus den USA ebenso wie aus Kuba oder Taiwan.

    Wann immer die Berichte darauf hindeuten, wer die Information geliefert haben könnte, gehen sie nur an den engsten Verteiler. Stets schreibt der Bearbeiter, meist wohl Stauffenberg, dann hinzu: »Wegen Quellengefährdung wird um besonders vertrauliche Behandlung gebeten.« Die Empfänger sollen trotzdem ahnen, wie außerordentlich das Ganze ist: Aus den Hauptstädten der Welt berichtet daher mal »ein Vertrauensmann von Henry Kissinger«, ein »hoher rumänischer Parteifunktionär« oder »ein sehr gut unterrichteter UN-Diplomat«.

    Zu Beginn erreichen die besonders exklusiven Berichte die CDU über den Fraktionsmitarbeiter Hans Neusel, der im Jahr 1979 Staatssekretär und Chef des Bundespräsidialamtes wird. Das bestätigt dieser auf Anfrage.

    Friedrich Voß, Büroleiter von Franz Josef Strauß, erhält die Ausfertigungen für seinen Chef. So sind die Parteispitzen informiert. Später werden die CDU/CSU-Fraktionsvorsitzenden Karl Carstens und Helmut Kohl unterrichtet.

    Der Nachrichtendienst ist teuer. Allein im ersten Jahr entstehen für die Quellen Kosten von 160.000 Mark. Eine wichtige Rolle bei der Finanzierung spielt der Verein, den Stauffenberg und seine Unterstützer im Januar 1971 ins Leben rufen: der Arbeitskreis für das Studium internationaler Fragen in München. Der Verein überweist Geld an Stauffenberg. Vorsitzender wird der Herausgeber des Rheinischen Merkurs, Otto B. Roegele, Stellvertreter wird der ehemalige Minister für die Fragen des Bundesverteidigungsrates, Heinrich Krone. Das Amt des Schatzmeisters übernimmt der Rechtsanwalt und CSU-Landtagsabgeordnete Alfred Seidl, eine höchst schillernde Figur. Seidl, ein überzeugtes NSDAP-Mitglied, verteidigte in den Nürnberger Prozessen Rudolf Heß und Hans Frank und bemühte sich lebenslang um die Freilassung von Heß. Nach dem Tod Seidls wurde bekannt, dass ihn eine enge politische Freundschaft mit dem DVU-Chef Gerhard Frey verband. Die Akten des Arbeitskreises, die Aufschluss über die Arbeit des Vereins liefern könnten, befinden sich im Nachlass von Exminister Krone. Sie sind vom Archiv der Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung mit Verweis auf Persönlichkeitsrechte gesperrt.

    Fest steht: Bis Mitte der siebziger Jahre braucht Stauffenberg die finanzielle Unterstützung von CDU und CSU. Dem ZEITmagazin liegen Ausarbeitungen vor, wonach die Christdemokraten in den ersten beiden Jahren je 100000 Mark beigesteuert haben. Dazu kommen Unternehmensspenden, die nicht weiter aufgeschlüsselt werden. Überliefert ist, dass Sayn-Wittgenstein den ehemaligen Deutsche-Bank-Chef Hermann Josef Abs umwarb, der bayerische Staatsminister Franz Heubl den Unternehmer Rolf Rodenstock. Guttenberg bemühte sich um den ehemaligen Flick-Generalbevollmächtigten und CSU-Abgeordneten Wolfgang Pohle.

    Ein wichtiger Helfer von Stauffenberg wird sein ehemaliger BND-Kollege Hans Langemann, der zuerst den Dienst leiten sollte. Er arbeitet seit November 1970 für die Olympischen Spiele in München und verfügt über Geld des Landes Bayern. Mit den Landesmitteln soll er geheime Zuträger finanzieren, die ihn auf Gefahren für die Sommerspiele hinweisen. Allein 1971 liegt sein Budget bei 91254 Mark, ein Jahr später sind es 108491 Mark. Ab März 1971 übernimmt Stauffenberg Langemanns Berichte mit einem Vorspann für seinen Dienst: Die Meldungen, heißt es, stammten aus einem »Bereich, dessen Koordinierung vorbereitet« werde.

    Im November 1970 wird Henry Kissinger erneut von einem Informanten Stauffenbergs aufgesucht. Mittlerweile ist der deutsch-sowjetische Vertrag unterschrieben, die Unterzeichnung des Warschauer Vertrags steht kurz bevor. Dieses Mal weiß Kissinger offensichtlich, dass sein Gast der Opposition zuarbeitet. Hier wird er nicht ausgehorcht, sondern er gibt der CDU und CSU vertrauliche Ratschläge, wie sie sich gegenüber Brandt verhalten sollen. Der Zuträger zitiert Kissinger mit den Worten: »Es mag möglich sein, die gegenwärtige Regierung zu stürzen, offen bleibt aber, ob hierfür nicht Risiken eingehandelt werden, die eine CDU/CSU-Regierung in größte Schwierigkeiten bringen kann.« Der Amerikaner weist laut Bericht darauf hin, dass die sowjetische Regierung die Zustimmung beider großen Parteien im Bundestag für die Ostverträge wünsche. Auf diese Weise würde auch bei einem Mehrheitswechsel das Abkommen nicht infrage gestellt. Soll also die Opposition Verantwortung für die Verträge übernehmen, wie es auch die SPD fordert? Kissinger favorisiert demnach eine andere Taktik: »Ich würde eher dafür plädieren, die Ratifizierung zu verzögern und in dieser Zeit die Resultate der recht unterschiedlichen sowjetischen Praktiken in der Weltpolitik genauer zu beobachten, der Bundesregierung die Verantwortung für die Ratifizierung selbst zu überlassen.«

    Kissinger rät jedoch der Quelle zufolge den Unionsparteien davon ab, ihre offene Konfrontation fortzusetzen. Die CDU/CSU-Fraktion lehnt es nämlich ab, einen Beobachter zu den Verhandlungen des Warschauer Vertrags in die polnische Hauptstadt zu entsenden. Im Dezember 1970 weigert sich Fraktionschef Rainer Barzel, den Kanzler zur Vertragsunterzeichnung zu begleiten. So ist er nicht dabei, als Brandt am Ghetto-Ehrenmal einen Kranz niederlegt und auf die Knie fällt. Die Bilder dieser Geste erreichen die ganze Welt und werden zum Symbol der neuen Ostpolitik.

    Das kommende Jahr 1971 ist das der zähen Verhandlungen. Amerikaner, Franzosen, Briten und Sowjets beraten in endlosen Runden, wie sie das Leben in West-Berlin verbessern können. Die Alliierten haben die Hoheit über die geteilte Stadt. Die östliche Seite müsste garantieren, dass West-Berlin von der Bundesrepublik aus jederzeit ohne große Kontrolle erreichbar ist. Bisher ist die Anreise ein Abenteuer, das viele Stunden dauern kann. Am 3. September 1971 können die Botschafter der Alliierten endlich das Viermächteabkommen unterzeichnen.

    Zwei Wochen später reist Kanzler Brandt überraschend auf die ukrainische Halbinsel Krim. In einem Vorort Jaltas, Oreanda, trifft er Leonid Breschnew in dessen Ferienhaus. Das bringt Brandt in die Kritik: Zum einen wird ihm vorgeworfen, habe er mit seinem Abstecher auf die Krim die westlichen Partner überrumpelt. Zum anderen wirken Breschnew und Brandt auf den Bildern wie in einem gemeinsamen Urlaub: Sie fahren mit dem Boot über das Schwarze Meer, gehen zusammen schwimmen. Offiziell sprechen die beiden unter anderem über die Folgen des Viermächteabkommens.

    Stauffenbergs Informanten orakeln, was Brandt und Breschnew besprochen haben könnten. Einer der Zuträger spricht von »geheimen Konzessionen«. Wieder einmal sucht ein Vertrauensmann des Dienstes Kissinger zu einem privaten Gespräch auf. Anders als sonst entschließt sich Stauffenberg, den anschließenden Bericht komplett abzudrucken. Er mahnt jedoch die Empfänger: »Die naheliegende Enttarnung des Informanten legt eine entsprechend vorsichtige Verwendung dieser Information dringend nahe.« Der Zuträger wird mit Genugtuung die Skepsis seines Gesprächspartners notiert haben. Er fragt den amerikanischen Sicherheitsberater, was er von Brandts Besuch auf der Krim halte. Kissinger soll geantwortet haben: »Wir haben von ihm einen Bericht darüber bekommen, aber wie viel gesagt wurde und was verborgen blieb, werden erst Zeit und weitere Informationen erweisen. Natürlich haben wir all das nicht gerne gehabt, und der Präsident hat nicht gezögert, die Deutschen davon in Kenntnis zu setzen.« Dann folgt die schärfste Rüge. Der Informant schreibt, Kissinger habe ihm zum Alleingang Brandts gesagt: »Daß Deutschlands neue SPD-Führer das Gefühl haben, es sei für sie an der Zeit, wie Erwachsene zu handeln, das verstehen wir und glauben auch, daß West-Deutschland wie ein Erwachsener handeln sollte. Aber manchmal machen auch Erwachsene Fehler, törichte Fehler, und handeln dumm.«

    All dies deutet an, dass die Zeiten für die sozialliberale Regierung schwieriger werden. Im Frühjahr 1972 verlassen wieder drei Abgeordnete die SPD/FDP-Fraktion. Zeitungen drucken aus dem Zusammenhang gerissene und wohl auch gefälschte Auszüge aus den Gesprächsaufzeichnungen von Bahr in Moskau. Oppositionsführer Barzel wagt ein Misstrauensvotum gegen den Kanzler und scheitert knapp.

    In der folgenden Parlamentsabstimmung über den Bundeshaushalt verpasst Brandt die Mehrheit, seine Regierung hat keinen Rückhalt mehr. Der Kanzler berät sich mit seinem Herausforderer Barzel, wie es weitergehen soll. Sie beschließen, die Ostverträge passieren zu lassen und den Weg für Neuwahlen frei zu machen.

    Die Lösung sieht so aus, dass die Mitglieder der Unionsparteien sich der Stimme enthalten sollen. Ein Zuträger des Stauffenberg-Dienstes schickt am 13. Mai 1972 die Kurzmeldung, der Direktor des amerikanischen Geheimdienstes CIA, Richard Helms, habe auf diese Konzessionsbereitschaft der Opposition erbost reagiert. Seine Worte sollen gewesen sein: »Die sind komplett verrückt geworden; aber das wird Barzel teuer zu stehen kommen, der wird nie Bundeskanzler werden.«

    Einer, der sich nicht an die Empfehlung seiner Fraktion halten wird, ist Guttenberg. Da er schon im Februar aus gesundheitlichen Gründen nicht mehr an den Parlamentsdebatten teilnehmen konnte, warnte er den Kanzler per Brief: »Die erste deutsche Demokratie ging zugrunde, weil die Demokraten der Mitte und der Rechten die Gefahr des braunen Faschismus nicht sahen oder nicht sehen wollten. Die zweite deutsche Demokratie, unsere Bundesrepublik, ist heute in ihrem Selbstverständnis und damit in ihrer Existenz gefährdet, weil nun die Demokraten der Linken die Gefahr des roten Faschismus verharmlosen.« Er wird im Rollstuhl zur Wahlurne gefahren, auf dem Stimmzettel hat er »Nein« angekreuzt.

    In seinen letzten Wochen kann er sich bei völliger geistiger Klarheit nur noch mit Handzeichen verständlich machen. Am 4. Oktober 1972 stirbt Guttenberg. Die Anhänger des Dienstes verlieren nicht nur den politischen Kampf im Parlament, sondern auch ihren wichtigsten Unterstützer.
    Digitaler Briefkasten bei ZEIT ONLINE

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    Stauffenberg hält jedoch an seinem Informationsdienst fest. Er erschließt neue Quellen für den Dienst, löst sich bald vom Thema der Ostpolitik. Ein Insider attestiert seinem Netzwerk Anfang der achtziger Jahre, hochprofessionell zu arbeiten.

    Von: Stefanie Waske
    02.12.2012 – 08:26 Uhr

    Find this story at 2 December 2012

    Quelle: ZEITmagazin, 29.11.2012 Nr. 49
    © ZEIT ONLINE GmbH

    Illegal spy agency operated in West Germany, new book claims

    Conservative politicians in Cold-War West Germany set up an illegal domestic intelligence agency in order to spy on their political rivals, a forthcoming book claims. In Destroy After Reading: The Secret Intelligence Service of the CDU and CSU, German journalist Stefanie Waske exposes what she says was an elaborate plot to undermine West Germany’s rapprochement with Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe. The book, which is scheduled for publication in February of 2013, claims that the illegal intelligence agency, known as ‘the Little Service’, was set up by politicians from Germany’s conservative Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its sister organization, the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). The two parties allegedly founded ‘the Little Service’ in 1969, in response to the election of Willy Brandt as German Chancellor in 1969. Brandt, who was leader of the center-left Social Democratic Party of Germany (SDP), was elected based on a program of normalizing West Germany’s relations with Eastern Europe. Under this policy, which became known as ‘Neue Ostpolitik’ (‘new eastern policy’), Brandt radically transformed West German foreign policy on Eastern Europe. In 1970, just months after his election, he signed an extensive peace agreement with the Soviet Union, known as the Treaty of Moscow, which was followed later that year by the so-called Treaty of Warsaw. Under the latter agreement, West Germany officially recognized the existence and borders of the People’s Republic of Poland. Brandt’s Neue Ostpolitik, which continued until the end of his tenure in the Chancellery in 1974, earned him the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to achieve reconciliation between West Germany and the countries of the Soviet bloc, primarily East Germany. But Brandt’s policy of rapprochement alarmed the CDU/CSU coalition, says Waske, which quickly set up ‘the Little Service’ by enlisting former members of Germany’s intelligence community. Intelligence operatives were allegedly tasked with infiltrating the SPD and Brandt’s administration and collecting inside intelligence, which could then be used to subvert both the party and its leader. According to Waske, ‘the Little Service’ eventually established operational links with conservative groups and individuals abroad, including Henry Kissinger, who at the time was National Security Adviser to United States President Richard Nixon.

    December 6, 2012 by Joseph Fitsanakis Leave a comment

    By JOSEPH FITSANAKIS | intelNews.org |

    Find this story at 6 December 2012

    Details emerge of CDU’s private spy service

    West Germany’s Christian Democrats ran a intelligence service staffed by aristocrats and former Nazis during the 1970s, hoping to undermine Chancellor Willy Brandt’s policy of engagement with the communist East.
    Israeli premier arrives in Berlin for tense talks (5 Dec 12)
    Conservatives reject tax equality for gay couples (5 Dec 12)
    Merkel: only I can steer Germany in rough seas (4 Dec 12)

    The shadowy network had close ties with US President Richard Nixon’s foreign policy Svengali Henry Kissinger, who offered advice, and even discussed whether it was a good idea for the conservatives to usurp the government.

    Political scientist Stefanie Waske spent seven years researching letters from politicians from the Christian Democratic Union and its Bavarian sister party the Christian Social Union – many of which concerned what they described as the “little service” – and will publish her full findings in a book early next year.

    Some of those involved are still alive – but Kissinger for example, and the CDU/CSU, have refused to comment on the revelations, or even confirm what they did, Waske says.

    It was the 1969 West German election which prompted the conservatives to set up their own secret service. They were kicked out of power for the first time since the establishment of the Federal Republic – and saw former allies the Free Democrats join Brandt’s centre-left Social Democrats to form a government.

    Fear of Ostpolitik

    The conservatives were fearful and mistrustful of his policy of talking with the Soviets and sending his secretary of state Egon Bahr to negotiate a treaty to swap West German recognition of post-war borders for a promise to not use violence against each other.

    Conservative MP Karl Theodor Freiherr zu Guttenberg, (grandfather of the disgraced former defence minister) held a meeting in autumn 1969, not long after the election, with former chancellor Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Hans Globke who had served as chief of staff to Konrad Adenauer, and the CSU chairman Franz Josef Strauß.

    They decided to form an “information service for the opposition,” a later note recorded, according to Waske’s work, which was explained in detail by the latest edition of weekly newspaper Die Zeit.

    Being fresh out of office and extremely well-connected, they were able to call upon real spies to set it up for them, and contacted the former head of the foreign intelligence agency the BND for help. He offered up the BND’s own network of informants across the globe which he had established, including agents in the US, France, Austria, Italy, the Vatican, Arabic countries, Romania, the USSR and even at the United Nations.

    Familiar names and aristocrats

    The man they chose to head this new network was a BND staffer, Hans Christoph von Stauffenberg, cousin of Klaus, who had been killed after trying to assassinate Hitler.

    Others who were brought into the scheme included Casimir Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein, who would later play a leading role in and only narrowly miss imprisonment for the CDU’s party donation scandal. Suitably enough, he was in charge or raising hundreds of thousands of Deutsche marks to fund the spy service and he did so by tapping up his friends in industry.

    One of the strongest links this service had was with Henry Kissinger, National Security Advisor under US President Richard Nixon, and later his Secretary of State. Ahead of the 1970 German-Soviet agreement, he and Brandt’s negotiator Bahr had agreed to open a back channel of informal information so the Americans could keep tabs on what the Soviets were saying.

    But, Waske says, Kissinger was not confident Bahr was being candid, and it seems his office was feeding the information to the German conservatives. The Treaty of Moscow was signed, possibly confirming the fears of the CDU/CSU leaders that Brandt was doing business with the Soviets.

    Stauffenberg went about his work, collecting information from sources around the world, including Brussels, London and Paris – as well as Romania and Yugoslavia, Taiwan and Cuba, and of course, the United States.

    Meanwhile the position of treasurer was taken over by Alfred Seidl, formerly a Nazi party member out of conviction who not only acted as Rudolf Heß’s defence lawyer but also spend years fighting for him to be freed.

    Advice from Kissinger

    By the end of 1970, Kissinger was offering the conservatives’ spies advice on how to deal with the Social Democratic government. One agent who visited him quoted him saying, “It might be possible to overthrow the current government, but it remains to be seen whether this would involve risks which could put a CDU/CSU government in great difficulties.”

    And he suggested the conservative opposition use delaying tactics to slow the ratification of the Treaty of Moscow in order to shift responsibility for its adoption firmly onto the government, rather than sharing it.

    Published: 3 Dec 12 07:51 CET

    The Local/hc

    Find this story at 3 December 2012

    © The Local Europe GmbH

    Nominee Directors Linked to Intelligence, Military

    Companies making use of offshore secrecy include firm that supplied surveillance software used by repressive regimes.

    A number of so-called nominee directors of companies registered in the British Virgin Islands (BVI) have connections to military or intelligence activities, an investigation has revealed.

    In the past, the British arms giant BAE was the most notorious user of offshore secrecy. The Guardian in 2003 revealed the firm had set up a pair of covert BVI entities.

    The undeclared subsidiaries were used to distribute hundreds of millions of pounds in secret payments to get overseas arms contracts.

    Today the investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and the Guardian uncovers the identities of other offshore operators.

    Louthean Nelson owns the Gamma Group, a controversial computer surveillance firm employing ex-military personnel. It sells bugging technology to Middle East and south-east Asian governments.

    Nelson owns a BVI offshore arm, Gamma Group International Ltd.

    Gamma’s spyware, which can be used against dissidents, has turned up in the hands of both Egyptian and Bahraini state security police, although Nelson’s representative claims this happened inadvertently.

    He initially denied to us that Nelson was linked to Gamma, and denied that Nelson owned the anonymous BVI affiliate.

    Martin Muench, who has a 15 per cent share in the company’s German subsidiary, said he was the group’s sole press spokesman, and told us: “Louthean Nelson is not associated with any company by the name of Gamma Group International Ltd. If by chance you are referring to any other Gamma company, then the explanation is the same for each and every one of them.”

    After he was confronted with evidence obtained by the ICIJ/Guardian investigation, Muench changed his position. He told us: “You are absolutely right, apparently there is a Gamma Group International Ltd.”

    He added: “So in effect I was wrong – sorry. However I did not say that Louthean Nelson was not associated with any Gamma company, only the one that I thought did not exist.”

    Nelson set up his BVI offshoot in 2007, using an agency, BizCorp Management Pte, located in Singapore. His spokesman claimed the BVI company was not involved in sales of Gamma’s “Finfisher” spyware. But he refused to disclose the entity’s purpose.

    Earlier this year, computer researchers in California told the New York Times they had discovered Finfisher being run from servers in Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, Mongolia and a government ministry in Turkmenistan. The spying software was previously proved to have infected the computers of political activists in Bahrain, which Louthean Nelson visited in June 2006.

    The Finfisher progamme is marketed as a technique for so-called “IT intrusion”. The code disguises itself as a software update or an email attachment, which the target victim is unaware will transmit back all his or her transactions and keystrokes.

    Gamma calls itself “a government contractor to state intelligence and law enforcement agencies for … high-quality surveillance vans” and telephone tapping of all kinds.

    Activists’ investigations into Finfisher originally began in March 2011, after protesters who broke into Egypt’s state security headquarters discovered documents showing the bugging system was being marketed to the then president Hosni Mubarak’s regime, at a price of $353,000.

    Muench said demonstration copies of the Finfisher software must have been “stolen”. He refused to identify Gamma’s customers.

    Nelson’s father, Bill Nelson, is described as the CEO of the UK Gamma, which sells a range of covert surveillance equipment from a modern industrial estate outside Andover in Hampshire, near the family home in the village of Winterbourne Earls.

    In September this year, the German foreign minister, Guido Westerwelle, called for an EU-wide ban on the export of such surveillance software to totalitarian states. “These regimes should not get the technical instruments to spy on their own citizens,” Westerwelle said.

    The UK has now agreed that future Finfisher exports from Andover to questionable regimes will need government permission.

    Other types of anonymous offshore user we have identified in this area include a south London private detective, Gerry Moore, who operated Swiss bank accounts. He did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Another private intelligence agency, Ciex, was used as a postbox by the financier Julian Askin to set up a covert entity registered in the Cook Islands, called Pastech. He too did not respond to invitations to comment.

    An ex-CIA officer and a South African mercenary soldier, John Walbridge and Mauritz Le Roux, used London agents to set up a series of BVI-registered companies in 2005, after obtaining bodyguarding contracts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Le Roux told us one of his reasons was to accommodate “local partnerships” in foreign countries. Walbridge did not respond.

    A former BAE software engineer from Hull, John Cunningham, says he set up his own offshore BVI company in the hope of selling helicopter drones for purely civilian use.

    Now based in Thailand, he previously designed military avionics for Britain’s Hawk and Typhoon war planes.

    He told us: “That account was set up by my ‘friend’ in Indonesia who does aerial mapping with small UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles]. He was going to pay me a commission through that account … However, this was my first attempt to work in Asia and as I have found, money tends to be not forthcoming. I have never used that account.”
    The military and intelligence register

    Gerry Moore

    Company: GM Property Developments, LHM Property Holdings

    Story: South London private detective sets up BVI companies with Swiss bank accounts

    Details: Moore founded “Thames Investigation Services”, later “Thames Associates”, in Blackheath, south London. He opened a Swiss bank account with UBS Basel in 1998. In 2007, he sought to open another account with Credit Suisse, Zurich, for his newly-registered BVI entity GM Property Developments. He sought to register a second offshore company, LHM Property Holdings, using his wife Linda’s initials.

    Intermediary: Netincorp. BVI (Damien Fong)

    Comment: No response. Thames Associates website taken down after Guardian approaches.

    John Walbridge and Mauritz Le Roux

    Companies: Overseas Security & Strategic Information Ltd, Remington Resources (Walbridge), Safenet UXO, Sparenberg, Gladeaway, Maplethorpe, Hawksbourne (Le Roux)

    Story: Former CIA officer and South African ex-mercenary provide guards in Iraq and Afghanistan

    Details: John H Walbridge Jr says he served with US special forces in Vietnam and then with the CIA in Brazil. His Miami-based private military company, OSSI Inc teamed up with South African ex-soldier and Executive Outcomes mercenary Mauritz Le Roux to win contracts in Kabul in 2005. Walbridge set up his 2 BVI entities with his wife Cassandra via a London agency in June and August 2005, and Le Roux incorporated 5 parallel BVI companies.

    Intermediary: Alpha Offshore, London

    Comment: Le Roux told us some of his offshore entities were kept available “in case we need to start up operations in a country where we would need to have local partnerships”. His joint venture with OSSI was based offshore in Dubai, he said, but used BVI entities ” to operate within a legal framework under British law, rather than the legal framework of the UAE”. Walbridge did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Julian Askin

    Company: Pastech

    Story: Businessman used private intelligence agency to set up covert offshore entity in the Cook Islands

    Details: Askin was a British football pools entrepreneur. He alleged Afrikaner conspiracies against him in South Africa, when his Tollgate transport group there collapsed. The apartheid regime failed to have him extradited, alleging fraud. He hired the Ciex agency to report on ABSA, the South African bank which foreclosed on him. Ciex was founded by ex-MI6 senior officer Michael Oatley along with ex-MI6 officer Hamilton Macmillan. In May 2000, they were used to help set up Pastech for their client in the obscure Pacific offshore location of Rarotonga, in the Cook Islands, with anonymous nominee directors and shareholders. Askin now lives in Semer, Suffolk.

    Intermediary: Ciex, Buckingham Gate, London

    Comment: He did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Louthean Nelson

    Company: Gamma Group International

    Story: Gamma sells Finfisher round the world, spying software which infects a target’s computer.

    Details: Nelson set up a UK company in 2007 on an Andover industrial estate, to make and sell Finfisher – a so-called Trojan which can remotely spy on a victim’s computer, by pretending to be a routine software update. He set up a parallel, more covert company with a similar name, registered in the BVI, via an agency in Singapore, using his father’s address at Winterbourne Earls, near Andover. He also sells to the Middle East via premises in Beirut. He ran into controversy last year when secret police in Egypt and Bahrain were alleged to have obtained Finfisher, which he denies knowingly supplying to them.

    Intermediary: Bizcorp Management Pte Ltd, Singapore

    Comment: His spokesman declines to say what was the purpose of the group’s BVI entity.

    John Cunningham

    Company: Aurilla International

    Story: Military avionics software engineer from Hull with separate UK company, launches civilian venture in Indonesia

    Details: Cunningham set up a BVI entity in 2007. His small UK company, On-Target Software Solutions Ltd has worked on “black boxes” for BAE Hawk and Typhoon warplanes, and does foreign consultancy. He also has interests in Thailand in a drone helicopter control system.

    Intermediary: Allen & Bryans tax consultants, Singapore

    Comment: Cunningham says the offshore account was never activated. “I actually make systems for civilian small UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles). I have never sold to the military. That account was set up by my ‘friend’ in Indonesia who does aerial mapping with small UAVs. He was going to pay me a commission through that account”.

    By David Leigh, Harold Frayman and James Ball November 28, 2012, 2:15 pm

    Find This story at 28 November 2012

    Copyright © 2012. The Center for Public Integrity®. All Rights Reserved. Read our privacy policy and the terms under which this service is provided to you.

    Offshore company directors’ links to military and intelligence revealed

    Companies making use of offshore secrecy include firm that supplied surveillance software used by repressive regimes

    Bahraini protesters flee teargas. Activists’ computers in the country were infected with Finfisher spying software. Photograph: Mohammed al-Shaikh/AFP/Getty Images

    A number of nominee directors of companies registered in the British Virgin Islands (BVI) have connections to military or intelligence activities, an investigation has revealed.

    In the past, the British arms giant BAE was the most notorious user of offshore secrecy. The Guardian in 2003 revealed the firm had set up a pair of covert BVI entities. The undeclared subsidiaries were used to distribute hundreds of millions of pounds in secret payments to get overseas arms contracts.

    Today the investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and the Guardian uncovers the identities of other offshore operators.

    Louthean Nelson owns the Gamma Group, a controversial computer surveillance firm employing ex-military personnel. It sells bugging technology to Middle East and south-east Asian governments. Nelson owns a BVI offshore arm, Gamma Group International Ltd.

    Gamma’s spyware, which can be used against dissidents, has turned up in the hands of Egyptian and Bahraini state security police, although Nelson’s representative claims this happened inadvertently. He initially denied to us that Nelson was linked to Gamma, and denied that Nelson owned the anonymous BVI affiliate. Martin Muench, who has a 15% share in the company’s German subsidiary, said he was the group’s sole press spokesman, and told us: “Louthean Nelson is not associated with any company by the name of Gamma Group International Ltd. If by chance you are referring to any other Gamma company, then the explanation is the same for each and every one of them.”

    After he was confronted with evidence obtained by the Guardian/ICIJ investigation, Muench changed his position. He told us: “You are absolutely right, apparently there is a Gamma Group International Ltd. So in effect I was wrong – sorry. However I did not say that Louthean Nelson was not associated with any Gamma company, only the one that I thought did not exist.”

    Nelson set up his BVI offshoot in 2007, using an agency, BizCorp Management Pte, located in Singapore. His spokesman claimed the BVI company was not involved in sales of Gamma’s Finfisher spyware. But he refused to disclose the entity’s purpose.

    Earlier this year, computer researchers in California told the New York Times they had discovered Finfisher being run from servers in Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, Mongolia and a government ministry in Turkmenistan. The spying software was previously proved to have infected the computers of political activists in Bahrain, which Nelson visited in June 2006.

    The Finfisher programme is marketed as a technique for so-called “IT intrusion”. The code disguises itself as a software update or an email attachment, which the target victim is unaware will transmit back all his or her transactions and keystrokes. Gamma calls itself “a government contractor to state intelligence and law enforcement agencies for … high-quality surveillance vans” and telephone tapping of all kinds.

    Activists’ investigations into Finfisher began in March 2011, after protesters who broke into Egypt’s state security headquarters discovered documents showing the bugging system was being marketed to the then president Hosni Mubarak’s regime, at a price of $353,000.

    Muench said demonstration copies of the software must have been stolen. He refused to identify Gamma’s customers.

    Nelson’s father, Bill Nelson, is described as the CEO of the UK Gamma, which sells a range of covert surveillance equipment from a modern industrial estate outside Andover, Hampshire, near the family home in the village of Winterbourne Earls, Wiltshire.

    In September, the German foreign minister, Guido Westerwelle, called for an EU-wide ban on the export of such surveillance software to totalitarian states. “These regimes should not get the technical instruments to spy on their own citizens,” he said. The UK has now agreed that future Finfisher exports from Andover to questionable regimes will need government permission.

    Other types of anonymous offshore user we have identified in this area include a south London private detective, Gerry Moore, who operated Swiss bank accounts. He did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Another private intelligence agency, Ciex, was used as a postbox by the financier Julian Askin to set up a covert entity registered in the Cook Islands, called Pastech. He too did not respond to invitations to comment.

    An ex-CIA officer and a South African mercenary soldier, John Walbridge and Mauritz Le Roux, used London agents to set up a series of BVI-registered companies in 2005, after obtaining bodyguarding contracts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Le Roux told us one of his reasons was to accommodate “local partnerships” in foreign countries. Walbridge did not respond.

    A former BAE software engineer from Hull, John Cunningham, says he set up his own offshore BVI company in the hope of selling helicopter drones for purely civilian use. Now based in Thailand, he previously designed military avionics for Britain’s Hawk and Typhoon war planes. He told us: “That account was set up by my ‘friend’ in Indonesia who does aerial mapping with small UAVs [unmanned aerial vehicles]. He was going to pay me a commission through that account … However, this was my first attempt to work in Asia and as I have found, money tends to be not forthcoming. I have never used that account.”

    The military and intelligence register
    Gerry Moore

    Company: GM Property Developments, LHM Property Holdings Story: south London private detective sets up BVI companies with Swiss bank accounts Details: Moore founded “Thames Investigation Services”, later “Thames Associates”, in Blackheath, south London. He opened a Swiss bank account with UBS Basel in 1998. In 2007, he sought to open another account with Credit Suisse, Zurich, for his newly registered BVI entity GM Property Developments. He sought to register a second offshore company, LHM Property Holdings, using his wife Linda’s initials.

    Intermediary: Netincorp. BVI (Damien Fong)

    Comment: No response. Thames Associates website taken down after Guardian approaches.

    John Walbridge and Mauritz le Roux

    Companies: Overseas Security & Strategic Information Ltd, Remington Resources (Walbridge), Safenet UXO, Sparenberg, Gladeaway, Maplethorpe, Hawksbourne (Le Roux)

    Story: former CIA officer and South African ex-mercenary provide guards in Iraq and Afghanistan Details: John H Walbridge Jr says he served with US special forces in Vietnam and then with the CIA in Brazil. His Miami-based private military company OSSI Inc teamed up with the South African ex-soldier and Executive Outcomes mercenary Mauritz le Roux to win contracts in Kabul in 2005. Walbridge set up his two BVI entities with his wife, Cassandra, via a London agency in June and August 2005, and Le Roux incorporated five parallel BVI companies.

    Intermediary: Alpha Offshore, London Comment: Le Roux told us some of his offshore entities were kept available “in case we need to start up operations in a country where we would need to have local partnerships”. His joint venture with OSSI was based offshore in Dubai, he said, but used BVI entities “to operate within a legal framework under British law, rather than the legal framework of the UAE”. Walbridge did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Julian Askin

    Company: Pastech Story: exiled businessman used a private intelligence agency to set up covert offshore entity in the Cook Islands Details: Askin was a British football pools entrepreneur. He alleged Afrikaner conspiracies against him in South Africa, when his Tollgate transport group there collapsed. The apartheid regime failed to have him extradited, alleging fraud. He hired the Ciex agency to report on ABSA, the South African bank which foreclosed on him. Ciex was founded by the ex-MI6 senior officer Michael Oatley along with ex-MI6 officer Hamilton Macmillan. In May 2000, they were used to help set up Pastech for their client in the obscure Pacific offshore location of Rarotonga, in the Cook Islands, with anonymous nominee directors and shareholders. Askin now lives in Semer, Suffolk.

    Intermediary: Ciex, Buckingham Gate, London Comment: he did not respond to invitations to comment.

    Louthean Nelson

    Company: Gamma Group International Story: Gamma sells Finfisher around the world, spying software which infects a target’s computer.

    Details: Nelson set up a UK company in 2007 on an Andover industrial estate to make and sell Finfisher – a so-called Trojan which can remotely spy on a victim’s computer by pretending to be a routine software update. He set up a parallel, more covert company with a similar name, registered in the BVI, via an agency in Singapore, using his father’s address at Winterbourne Earls, near Andover. He also sells to the Middle East via premises in Beirut. He ran into controversy last year when secret police in Egypt and Bahrain were alleged to have obtained Finfisher, which he denies knowingly supplying to them.

    Intermediary: Bizcorp Management Pte Ltd, Singapore Comment: his spokesman declines to say what was the purpose of the group’s BVI entity.

    John Cunningham

    Company: Aurilla International Story: military avionics software engineer from Hull with separate UK company launches civilian venture in Indonesia Details: Cunningham set up a BVI entity in 2007. His small UK company, On-Target Software Solutions Ltd, has worked on “black boxes” for BAE Hawk and Typhoon war planes, and does foreign consultancy. He also has interests in Thailand in a drone helicopter control system.

    David Leigh
    The Guardian, Wednesday 28 November 2012 19.35 GMT

    Find this story at 28 November 2012

    © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved.

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